Why Do I Have White Spots On My Nails? 5 Common Culprits
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White spots on your nails can be mildly puzzling or more concerning. Getting at the cause of these spots is important for maintaining the health of you and your nails. That’s why we’re about to look into the five most common reasons for white spots, plus insights and advice to help you deal with them.
What Are White Spots On Nails?
Known as leukonychia, white spots on the nail plate are small, white discolorations that can vary in size and shape, often manifesting as small dots or larger streaks. They’re typically caused by minor trauma to the nail matrix, nutritional deficiency, fungal infections, allergic reactions, or underlying health conditions.
Why Do I Have White Spots On My Nails?
1. Physical Trauma to the Nail
Physical trauma to the nail is one of the most common causes of leukonychia. This can mean everyday activities, such as accidentally banging your nails against a hard surface or even overly-aggressive manicures. The damage disturbs the nail matrix, which causes white patches on growing nails. Although these spots are usually benign and will vanish as the nail heals, take it as a reminder to go easy on your nails.
2. Nutritional Deficiencies
Nutritional deficiencies, particularly a lack of key vitamins and minerals, can lead to white spots developing on nails. Not enough zinc, calcium, iron, and vitamin D are often linked to this condition; these nutrients play a big role in nail health and strength. Ensuring a balanced diet can help prevent white spots. If dietary adjustments don’t resolve the issue, consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.
3. Fungal Infections
Usually associated with other symptoms as well—thickness, discoloration, brittleness—fungal infections can produce white spots on nails. Over-the-counter antifungal treatments can be effective for mild cases, but persistent or severe infections may require prescription medication from a healthcare provider. Keeping nails dry and in tip-top shape can help prevent fungal infections and the associated white spots.
4. Underlying Health Conditions
In some cases, white spots on nails can be a sign of an underlying health condition. Psoriasis, eczema, or systemic illnesses can manifest through changes in nail appearance. Detection and treatment can help address the root cause of the changes.
Are White Spots On Nails Normal?
White spots on nails are generally considered normal and harmless. These spots, or leukonychia, often result from minor trauma to the nail matrix. They can also result from nutritional deficiencies, allergic reactions, or fungal infections. In most cases, these spots will grow out with the nail and vanish without medical intervention or dietary changes.
When Should I Consult a Doctor About White Spots on My Nails?
While usually harmless and temporary, white spots that are persistent or widespread warrant professional medical attention, as they sometimes indicate more serious underlying health conditions. Psoriasis, eczema, or systemic illnesses such as kidney disease and liver disorders can manifest through changes in nail appearance. Seek medical attention if your spots don’t go away in time, spread, or are accompanied by other symptoms. Early detection and treatment can help address the cause of the nail changes.
How To Prevent White Spots On Nails
- Maintain a Balanced Diet
- Be sure to get your essential vitamins and minerals, such as zinc, calcium, and vitamin D.
- Incorporate a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains into your diet.
- Use High-Quality Nail Products
- Opt for non-toxic nail polishes and removers.
- Don’t use products with harsh chemicals that can damage the nail bed.
- Practice Gentle Nail Care
- Trim nails carefully, and avoid aggressive filing or cutting.
- Be gentle when pushing back cuticles.
- Protect Your Nails
- Wear gloves when performing household chores or using chemicals.
- Stop using your nails as tools.
- Keep Nails Clean and Dry
- Maintain good hygiene by regularly washing and drying hands and nails.
- Prevent fungal infections by avoiding prolonged exposure to moisture.
- Avoid Nail Trauma
- Be mindful of activities that can cause nail injuries, like sports or manual labor.
- Use protective gear when necessary to prevent injury.
- Monitor Nail Health
- Regularly inspect your nails for changes or signs of damage.
White Spots, Be Gone!
Understanding the causes and prevention of white spots on nails matters to your nail health and overall wellbeing. By recognizing the most common reasons for these spots—trauma, nutritional deficiencies, fungal infections, allergic reactions, and underlying health conditions—you can take action to address and avoid them, like eating a balanced diet, using high-quality nail products, practicing gentle nail care, and protecting nails from trauma.
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